Lesson 5:Mutation(V)

Euploidy

• Euploidy/ polyploidy is the condition of an organism having 3 or more complete haploid sets of chromosomes 
• Polyploidy: 

                  * Occurs because of non-disjunction on all chromosome pairs, 
                     producing gametes with 3 or  more sets of chromosomes
                     (homologous)

                  *When fertilization takes place between a diploid gametes
                      and normal gamete new individual formed is triploid(3n)

                  * If fertilization occurs between 3 diploid opposite sex gametes, 
                     zygote formed is tetraploid(4n) 

It can be classified into 2:            

Autopolyploidy

• Autopolyploidy is polyploidy in which there are three or more sets of chromosomes within the same species
• Domestic banana and various seedless plants are often triploid autoployploids.

            Examples:

                 *Colchine is a chemical use to disrupts arrangement of microtubule 
                   to form spindle fibres during cell division(cytokinesis). It is used to
                   induce formation of economically important polyploidy plants to 
                   produce bigger leaves, large flowers, fruits and seeds.